Learning Objectives in Planning Instruction

Learning objectives draw a framework for expectations, provide a guide for action, and even a kind of tool for assessment of progress.

Expectations: Having considered learner's needs, wants, and the particular situation, a well-written objective clearly defines the expected outcomes for learners once they have completed a certain activity or lesson.   Because it is specific and measurable, it is a clear way of establishing what results learners can expect to achieve.

Guide for action:  At the same time, the objective also is achievable, relevant, and timely.  When teachers and / or learners create their learning objectives, they tailor their objective to be sure it can actually be accomplished, that it is applicable to the learners and the context, and that it can be done within the given time frame.  This tailoring ensures that the objective provides a path to success.  The teacher and learners then set out on the path, framed in the objective, keeping their eye on the objective and using it as a reference point.  Thus, the objective focuses the teacher and learner on what needs to be done by consistently reminding them of their goal.

Assessment of progress:  As the learners and teachers continue down the path, with their eye on the objective, they will constantly question how far along they are in the accomplishment of their goal.  If they find themselves off track for some reason, the objective becomes a way to regroup and move forward  in the right direction again.  It could be that the learners and / or teacher will realize that the original objective wasn't really achievable or timely and will require adjustment.  Or it could be that such a review of the objective will reveal that it has actually been achieved and it's time to write a new one!

Objectives, when written well, are essential in the planning, implementation and evaluation of instruction.